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​We do need more psych beds, and we are in desperate need of HOUSING as well as Residential Treatment Options, Assertive Community Treatment, & Intensive Case Management.



​CO Medicaid Behavioral Health Services


wE hAVE CONCERNS REGARDING COMPLIANCE WITH mEDICAID nETWORK aDEQUACY, pARITY & oLMSTEAD
​

Required Services under Colorado Medicaid for Behavioral Health
  1. Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital Services

     2.  Outpatient Services
  • Physician Services
  • ​​​individual behavioral health therapy
  • individual brief behavioral health therapy
  • group behavioral health therapy
  • family behavioral health therapy
  • ​behavioral health assessment
  • pharmacologic management
  • outpatient day treatment
  • emergency/crisis services​

3.  Pharmacy Services

4.   Targeted Case Management

5.  School-based Behavioral Health Services

6.  Drug Screening & Monitoring

7.  Detoxification Services

8.  Medication-Assisted [Drug] Treatment

​

Alternative Services [not an entitlement] under Colorado Medicaid for Behavioral Health:
  • Vocational
  • Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
  • Intensive Case Management
  • Clubhouse & Drop-In Center Services
  • ​Recovery Services
  • Residential Services
  • Prevention/Early Intervention Services

The idea is that the savings from the Medicaid Behavioral Health Plan will fund the alternative services above.  The problem is that violates Parity and Medicaid Network Adequacy.

All the services listed under "Alternative" are critical but:
  • Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
  • Intensive Case Management, &
  • Residential Services 
SHOULD BE part of the backbone of any Medicaid Mental Health program.

We were told by the CO Department of Health Care Policy & Financing that they were making ACT available to all where "reasonably medically necessary."  The regulations on the Secretary of State's website do NOT reflect that.

We will be going back to the Department for clarification.

Will flesh out more of our concerns in the coming days.
Medicaid Mandatory & Optional Services
  • Minnesota covers Adult & Youth Assertive Community Treatment as "reasonably medically necessary" &  with detailed eligibility criteria as an optional Rehabilitation Service under Medicaid.
  • We would suggest Colorado cover Assertive Community Treatment and Residential as "reasonably medically necessary" with detaild eligibility criteria as optional Rehabilitative Services under Medicaid.  We would also recommend that Colorado provide for Youth Assertive Community Treatment -- which we think would save the state money and prevent unnecessary institutionalization of youth.
  • We would suggest that Colorado cover Intensive Case Management as an optional Case Management service under Medicaid.

Our Mental Health care focus is initially limited to:

1.  Hospital Psychiatric Care:  A Mandatory Service under Medicaid.

2.  Residential:  An Optional Rehabilitation Service under Medicaid.  However, Colorado has historically categorized Residential as an "Alternative Service" under its Managed Care program -- meaning the services are not available to all who qualify  based on "reasonable medical necessity."  Access is artificially capped based on money realized from the savings of the Managed Care Program.

3. 
Assertive Community Treatment:   An Optional Rehabilitation Service under Medicaid.  However, Colorado has historically categorized Residential as an "Alternative Service" under its Managed Care program -- meaning the services are not available to all who qualify  based on "reasonable medical necessity."  Access is artificially capped based on money realized from the savings of the Managed Care Program.

4.  Intensive Case Management:    An Optional Rehabilitation Service under Medicaid.  However, Colorado has historically categorized Residential as an "Alternative Service" under its Managed Care program -- meaning the services are not available to all who qualify  based on "reasonable medical necessity."  Access is artificially capped based on money realized from the savings of the Managed Care Program.

5.  CO's CMHS [Community Mental Health Supports Waiver]:   In 2015, the CO Department of Health Care Policy & Financing changed targeting criteria, apparently without consulting stakeholders.  The new targeting criteria makes clear that people need a mental health diagnosis and help with activities of daily living.  Colorado has had a MI waiver largely in name only both for historical reasons and budgetary reasons.

We just don't think the State can discriminate against people with mental illness who have long term supervision needs -- but don't need help with activities of daily living (ADLs)

This is especially true with Colorado Medicaid that is also not making available Residential, Assertive Community Treatment, & Intensive Case Management where reasonably medically necessary.  Nor to our knowledge do they know haw many people need those services.

6.  Waitlists:   The State has resisted waitlists in mental health for apparently political reasons -- we think they are afraid of what they will find -- which is a lot of need that isn't being sufficiently addressed as legally required.

States pledge to CMS under their contracts that they will follow Federal Law.  Well, Colorado & most states are "partially" complying with Federal Law, most have not fully complied.

We're going to be focusing on "Facial" & "Obvious" or "Per Se" violations of Medicaid Network Adequacy, Parity, & Olmstead.

For more complicated issues, a State Audit would probably be required.


Waiting List of Institutionalized & Homeless Populations with Mental Illness that need Supportive Housing:
  • People with mental illness to be released from CO Prisons
  • People with mental illness to be released from CO Jails
  • People with mental illness who are homeless
  • People with mental illness who are in nursing homes
  • People with mental illness who are in mental health institutes
  • Etc.

42 CFR 438.88(c)  Development of Medicaid Network Adequacy Standards

(c) Development of network adequacy standards.

(1) States developing network adequacy standards consistent with paragraph (b)(1) of this section must consider, at a minimum, the following elements:


(i) The anticipated Medicaid enrollment.

(ii) The expected utilization of services.

iii) The characteristics and health care needs of specific Medicaid populations covered in the MCO, PIHP, and PAHP contract.

(iv) The numbers and types (in terms of training, experience, and specialization) of network providers required to furnish the contracted Medicaid services.

(v) The numbers of network providers who are not accepting new Medicaid patients.

(vi) The geographic location of network providers and Medicaid enrollees, considering distance, travel time, the means of transportation ordinarily used by Medicaid enrollees.

(vii) The ability of network providers to communicate with limited English proficient enrollees in their preferred language.

(viii) The ability of network providers to ensure physical access, reasonable accommodations, culturally competent communications, and accessible equipment for Medicaid enrollees with physical or mental disabilities.

(ix) The availability of triage lines or screening systems, as well as the use of telemedicine, e-visits, and/or other evolving and innovative technological solutions.
 


We are NOT @ this time considering Substance Use Issues.  They are hugely important and there is an enormous overlap with mental health.  

8.212.4 BEHAVIORAL HEALTH SERVICES

​8.212.4.A. The following are required services of the Community Behavioral Health Services program:

1. Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital Services:
a. Under age 21 -- A program of psychiatric care in which the client remains 24 hours a day in a psychiatric hospital, State Institute for Mental Disease (IMD), or other facility licensed as a hospital by the State.
b. Adults ages 21-64 -- A program of psychiatric care in which the client remains 24 hours a day in a psychiatric hospital, or other facility licensed as a hospital by the State, excluding State Institutes of Mental Disease (IMD).
​c. Adults ages 65 and over -- A program of care in which the client remains 24 hours a day in a psychiatric hospital, State Institute for Mental Disease (IMD), or other facility licensed as a hospital by the State.

2. Outpatient Services -- A program of care in which the client receives services in a hospital or other health care facility, but does not remain in the facility 24 hours a day, including: CODE OF COLORADO REGULATIONS 10 CCR 2505-10 8.200 Medical Services Board 69

a. Physician Services, including psychiatric care – Behavioral health services provided within the scope of practice of medicine as defined by State law. b. Rehabilitative Services – Any remedial services recommended by a physician or other licensed practitioner of the healing arts, within the scope of his/her practice under State law, for maximum reduction of behavioral/emotional disability and restoration of a client to his/her best possible functional level, including:

i. Individual Behavioral Health Therapy - Therapeutic contact with one client of more than 30 minutes, but no more than two (2) hours.

ii. Individual Brief Behavioral Health Therapy- Therapeutic contact with one client of up to and including 30 minutes.

iii.  Group Behavioral Health Therapy- Therapeutic contact with more than one client, of up to and including two (2) hours.

iv. Family Behavioral Health Therapy– Face to face therapeutic contact with a client and family member(s), or other persons significant to the client, for improving client-family functioning. Family behavioral health therapy is appropriate when intervention in the family interactions is expected to improve the client’s emotional/behavioral health. The primary purpose of family behavioral health therapy is treatment of the client.

v. Behavioral Health Assessment – Face to face clinical assessment of a client by a behavioral health professional that determines the nature of the client’s problem(s), factors contributing to the problem(s), a client’s strengths, abilities and resources to help solve the problem(s), and any existing diagnoses.

vi. Pharmacologic Management – Monitoring of medications prescribed and consultation provided to clients by a physician or other medical practitioner authorized to prescribe medications as defined by State law, including associated laboratory services, as indicated.

vii. Outpatient Day Treatment – Therapeutic contact with a client in a structured, non-residential program of therapeutic activities lasting more than four (4) hours but less than twenty-four (24) hours per day. Services include assessment and monitoring; individual/group/family therapy; psychological testing; medical/nursing support; psychosocial education; skill development and socialization training focused on improving functional and behavioral deficits; medication management; expressive and activity therapies; and coordination of needed services with other agencies. When provided in an outpatient hospital program, may be called “partial hospitalization.”

viii. Emergency/Crisis Services - Services provided during a behavioral health emergency which involve unscheduled, immediate, or special interventions in response to crisis situation with a client, including associated laboratory services, as indicated.

3. Pharmacy Services – Prescribed drugs when used in accordance with 10 CCR 2505-10 Section 8.800, Pharmaceuticals. CODE OF COLORADO REGULATIONS 10 CCR 2505-10 8.200 Medical Services Board 70

4. Targeted Case Management – Case management services furnished to assist individuals, eligible under the State Plan, in gaining access to needed medical, social, educational and other services.

5. School-Based Behavioral Health Services - Behavioral health services provided to school-aged children and adolescents on-site in their schools, with the cooperation of the schools.

6. Drug Screening and Monitoring – Substance use disorder counseling services provided along with screening results to be discussed with client.

7. Detoxification Services – Services relating to detoxification including all of the following: Physical assessment of detox progression including vital signs monitoring; level of motivation assessment for treatment evaluation; provision of daily living needs (includes hydration, nutrition, cleanliness and toiletry); safety assessment, including suicidal ideation and other behavioral health issues.

8. Medication-Assisted Treatment – Administration of Methadone or another approved controlled substance to an opiate-dependent person for the purpose of decreasing or eliminating dependence on opiate substances.

8.212.4.B. Alternative services of the Community Behavioral Health Services program are:

1. Vocational -- Services designed to help adult and adolescent clients who are ineligible for state vocational rehabilitation services to gain employment skills and employment. Services are skill and support development interventions, educational services, vocational assessment, and job coaching.

2. Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) – Comprehensive, locally-based, individualized treatment for adults with serious behavioral health disorders, that is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Services include case management, initial and ongoing behavioral health assessment, psychiatric services, employment and housing assistance, family support and education, and substance use disorders services.

3. Intensive Case Management -- Community-based services averaging more than one hour per week, provided to adults with serious behavioral health disorders who are at risk of a more intensive 24 hour placement and who need extra support to live in the community. Services are assessment, care plan development, multi-system referrals, assistance with wraparound and supportive living services, monitoring and follow-up. Intensive case management may be provided to children/youth under the Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT) program.

4. Clubhouse and drop-in center services – Peer support services for people who have behavioral health disorders, provided in a Clubhouse or Drop-In Center setting. Clubhouse participants may use their skills for clerical work, data input, meal preparation, providing resource information and outreach to clients. Drop-in Centers offer planned activities and opportunities for individuals to interact socially, promoting and supporting recovery.

5. Recovery Services – Community-based services that promote self-management of behavioral health symptoms, relapse prevention, treatment choices, mutual support, enrichment, rights protection, social supports. Services are peer counseling and support services, peer-run drop-in centers, peer-run employment services, peer mentoring, consumer and family support groups, warm lines, and advocacy services. CODE OF COLORADO REGULATIONS 10 CCR 2505-10 8.200 Medical Services Board 71

6. Residential Services – Twenty-four (24) hour care, excluding room and board, provided in a non-hospital, non-nursing home setting, appropriate for adults whose mental health issues and symptoms are severe enough to require a 24-hour structured program but do not require hospitalization. Services are provided in the setting where the client is living, in real-time, with immediate interventions available as needed. Clinical interventions are assessment and monitoring of mental and physical health status; assessment and monitoring of safety; assessment of/support for motivation for treatment; assessment of ability to provide for daily living needs; observation and assessment of group interactions; individual , group and family therapy; medication management; and behavioral interventions. Residential services may be provided to children/youth under EPSDT.

7. Prevention/Early Intervention Services – Proactive efforts to educate and empower individuals to choose and maintain healthy life behaviors and lifestyles that promote positive behavioral health. Services include behavioral health screenings; educational programs promoting safe and stable families; senior workshops related to aging disorders; and parenting skills classes.

8. Respite Care – Temporary or short-term care of a child, youth or adult client provided by adults other than the birth parents, foster/adoptive parents, family members or caregivers that the client normally resides with. Respite is designed to give the caregivers some time away from the client to allow them to emotionally recharge and become better prepared to handle normal day-to-day challenges. Respite care providers are specially trained to serve individuals with behavioral health issues.  

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  • Home
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      • Why Orchid?
      • ORCHID'S SYSTEMIC FOCUS & "ROOT CAUSE" ANALYSIS APPROACH TO PROBLEM SOLVING WITH A COMMITMENT TO CREATIVITY & INNOVATION
      • Disclaimers, Limitations and An Invitation
      • Orchid Board
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      • The Tipping Point
      • Orchid's Website Advertising Policy
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      • Contact
  • Blogs
    • Val's Blog
    • Val's Blog 2
    • ​TRANSLATIONAL/ ​TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE MONDAY
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    • Olmstead Law & Order Thursday
    • Translational Medicine Friday
    • Translational Love, Relationships & Neuro-Diversity Saturday
  • Orchid's A-Z Index
    • Crisis Services in CO, the US & Around the World
    • Assertive Community Treatment & Flexible ACT Index
    • Housing & Homelessness Index
    • Criminal Justice
    • Innovation Index
    • For More: See the Main Orchid Index Page
  • US Federal
    • THE IMD RULE & ADMIN. ENFORCEMENT OF DISABILITY CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS
    • Medicaid & Supportive Housing & Housing-Related Services
    • CMS' FAILURE TO COVER HOUSING FOR LTC & THE IMD RULE: WHAT THEY HAVE IN COMMON IS DISCRIMINATION
    • National Take
  • Research & Translational Medicine
    • Immunology & Mental Health >
      • Alcoholism & the Immune System & Mental Health
      • Brain Injury, the Immune System & Mental Health
      • Celiac Disease & Sensitivities, the Immune System & Mental Illness
      • Mental Illness & The Immune System
      • Racial Discrimination & the Immune System & Mental Health
      • Trauma & the Immune System & Mental Health
      • ***Physical Health Issues, the Immune System & Mental Health Index
    • University of Chicago: Institute of Translational Medicine
  • Hot Topics
    • What We Want --- SAMHSA Grant Opportunities Due Jan. 22, 2019
    • Anti-Social Personality Disorder >
      • DECONSTRUCTING ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER AND PSYCHOPATHY: A GUIDELINES-BASED APPROACH TO PREJUDICIAL PSYCHIATRIC LABELS [Hofstra Law Review 2013]
      • Personality Disorders -- Unscientific & Vague -- Must Be Reformed
    • Executive Functioning & "Prison Brain" >
      • Job Accommodation Network on Executive Functioning Deficits
    • Medicaid & Medicare Network Adequacy >
      • OIG: STATE STANDARDS FOR ACCESS TO CARE IN MEDICAID MANAGED CARE (Sept. 2014)
      • OIG: ACCESS TO CARE: PROVIDER AVAILABILITY IN MEDICAID MANAGED CARE (Dec. 2014)
      • GAO 15-710: MEDICARE ADVANTAGE: Actions Needed to Enhance CMS Oversight of Provider Network Adequacy (Aug. 2015)
      • CMS: Promoting Access in Medicaid and CHIP Managed Care: A Toolkit for Ensuring Provider Network Adequacy and Service Availability (April 2017)
    • Medicaid Mental Health & Substance Use Disorder Parity >
      • CMS Parity Compliance Toolkit Applying Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder Parity Requirements to Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Programs [Jan. 17, 2017]
      • Frequently Asked Questions: Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder Parity Final Rule for Medicaid and CHIP [CMS October 11, 2017]
    • Olmstead Disability Rights >
      • Statement of the Department of Justice on Enforcement of the Integration Mandate of Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act and Olmstead v. L.C. (2011)
      • Comprehensive Olmstead Planning
      • the Logical Long Term Consequences of our failure to provide Intensive Community MH Treatment
      • Olmstead Nation ---State Pages: How Far to Comply with Olmstead?
  • Take A Walk Around Orchid's Resource Block
  • Colorado Abuse & Neglect Scandals Involving People with Disabilities
  • Mental Health By The Numbers
  • New Science Is Amazing AND It Has HUGE Moral Implications for Our Society: NOW
  • Olmstead & Homelessness
  • Double V
  • " 'Defund the Police" Means 'Invest in the Resources Our Communities Need' " or Don't Cost Shift to the Police
  • VAGUE OLMSTEAD PLANS, EXPENSIVE LITIGATION
  • Updating & Reforming our Understanding & Treatment of "Anti-Social Personality Disorder" Blog
  • Reform of " Anti-Social Personality Disorder" in Criminal Justice
  • CO HB22-1278
  • New Understandings Matter
  • Mental Health, Ethics & Law
  • CO Olmstead Disability Homeless Law & Policy Project
  • Inflammation, the Immune System, Neuro-Developmental Disorders, Psychiatric Disorders, Substance Use Issues & Chronic Disease
  • Microglia and the Brain's Immune System
  • Substance Issues & the Immune System